MSGSND(3)                  POSIX Programmer's Manual                 MSGSND(3)



PPRROOLLOOGG
       This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.  The OS
       implementation of this interface may differ (consult the corresponding
       OS manual page for details of OS behavior), or the interface may not be
       implemented on OS.

NNAAMMEE
       msgsnd -- XSI message send operation

SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
       #include <sys/msg.h>

       int msgsnd(int _m_s_q_i_d, const void *_m_s_g_p, size_t _m_s_g_s_z, int _m_s_g_f_l_g);

DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
       The _m_s_g_s_n_d() function operates on XSI message queues (see the Base
       Definitions volume of POSIX.1-2017, _S_e_c_t_i_o_n _3_._2_2_6, _M_e_s_s_a_g_e _Q_u_e_u_e).  It
       is unspecified whether this function interoperates with the realtime
       interprocess communication facilities defined in _S_e_c_t_i_o_n _2_._8, _R_e_a_l_t_i_m_e.

       The _m_s_g_s_n_d() function shall send a message to the queue associated with
       the message queue identifier specified by _m_s_q_i_d.

       The application shall ensure that the argument _m_s_g_p points to a user-
       defined buffer that contains first a field of type lloonngg specifying the
       type of the message, and then a data portion that holds the data bytes
       of the message. The structure below is an example of what this user-
       defined buffer might look like:


           struct mymsg {
               long   mtype;       /* Message type. */
               char   mtext[1];    /* Message text. */
           }

       The structure member _m_t_y_p_e is a non-zero positive type lloonngg that can be
       used by the receiving process for message selection.

       The structure member _m_t_e_x_t is any text of length _m_s_g_s_z bytes. The
       argument _m_s_g_s_z can range from 0 to a system-imposed maximum.

       The argument _m_s_g_f_l_g specifies the action to be taken if one or more of
       the following is true:

        *  The number of bytes already on the queue is equal to mmssgg__qqbbyytteess;
           see _<_s_y_s_/_m_s_g_._h_>.

        *  The total number of messages on all queues system-wide is equal to
           the system-imposed limit.

       These actions are as follows:

        *  If (_m_s_g_f_l_g & IPC_NOWAIT) is non-zero, the message shall not be sent
           and the calling thread shall return immediately.

        *  If (_m_s_g_f_l_g & IPC_NOWAIT) is 0, the calling thread shall suspend
           execution until one of the following occurs:

           --  The condition responsible for the suspension no longer exists,
               in which case the message is sent.

           --  The message queue identifier _m_s_q_i_d is removed from the system;
               when this occurs, _e_r_r_n_o shall be set to [[EEIIDDRRMM]] and -1 shall be
               returned.

           --  The calling thread receives a signal that is to be caught; in
               this case the message is not sent and the calling thread
               resumes execution in the manner prescribed in _s_i_g_a_c_t_i_o_n().

       Upon successful completion, the following actions are taken with
       respect to the data structure associated with _m_s_q_i_d; see _<_s_y_s_/_m_s_g_._h_>:

        *  mmssgg__qqnnuumm shall be incremented by 1.

        *  mmssgg__llssppiidd shall be set to the process ID of the calling process.

        *  mmssgg__ssttiimmee shall be set to the current time, as described in _S_e_c_t_i_o_n
           _2_._7_._1, _I_P_C _G_e_n_e_r_a_l _D_e_s_c_r_i_p_t_i_o_n.

RREETTUURRNN VVAALLUUEE
       Upon successful completion, _m_s_g_s_n_d() shall return 0; otherwise, no
       message shall be sent, _m_s_g_s_n_d() shall return -1, and _e_r_r_n_o shall be set
       to indicate the error.

EERRRROORRSS
       The _m_s_g_s_n_d() function shall fail if:

       EEAACCCCEESS Operation permission is denied to the calling process; see
              _S_e_c_t_i_o_n _2_._7, _X_S_I _I_n_t_e_r_p_r_o_c_e_s_s _C_o_m_m_u_n_i_c_a_t_i_o_n.

       EEAAGGAAIINN The message cannot be sent for one of the reasons cited above
              and (_m_s_g_f_l_g & IPC_NOWAIT) is non-zero.

       EEIIDDRRMM  The message queue identifier _m_s_q_i_d is removed from the system.

       EEIINNTTRR  The _m_s_g_s_n_d() function was interrupted by a signal.

       EEIINNVVAALL The value of _m_s_q_i_d is not a valid message queue identifier, or
              the value of _m_t_y_p_e is less than 1; or the value of _m_s_g_s_z is
              greater than the system-imposed limit.

       _T_h_e _f_o_l_l_o_w_i_n_g _s_e_c_t_i_o_n_s _a_r_e _i_n_f_o_r_m_a_t_i_v_e_.

EEXXAAMMPPLLEESS
   SSeennddiinngg aa MMeessssaaggee
       The following example sends a message to the queue identified by the
       _m_s_q_i_d argument (assuming that value has previously been set). This call
       specifies that an error should be reported if no message is available.
       The message size is calculated directly using the _s_i_z_e_o_f operator.


           #include <sys/msg.h>
           ...
           int result;
           int msqid;
           struct message {
               long type;
               char text[20];
           } msg;

           msg.type = 1;
           strcpy(msg.text, "This is message 1");
           ...
           result = msgsnd(msqid, (void *) &msg, sizeof(msg.text), IPC_NOWAIT);

AAPPPPLLIICCAATTIIOONN UUSSAAGGEE
       The POSIX Realtime Extension defines alternative interfaces for
       interprocess communication (IPC). Application developers who need to
       use IPC should design their applications so that modules using the IPC
       routines described in _S_e_c_t_i_o_n _2_._7, _X_S_I _I_n_t_e_r_p_r_o_c_e_s_s _C_o_m_m_u_n_i_c_a_t_i_o_n can
       be easily modified to use the alternative interfaces.

RRAATTIIOONNAALLEE
       None.

FFUUTTUURREE DDIIRREECCTTIIOONNSS
       None.

SSEEEE AALLSSOO
       _S_e_c_t_i_o_n _2_._7, _X_S_I _I_n_t_e_r_p_r_o_c_e_s_s _C_o_m_m_u_n_i_c_a_t_i_o_n, _S_e_c_t_i_o_n _2_._8, _R_e_a_l_t_i_m_e,
       _m_q___c_l_o_s_e(), _m_q___g_e_t_a_t_t_r(), _m_q___n_o_t_i_f_y(), _m_q___o_p_e_n(), _m_q___r_e_c_e_i_v_e(),
       _m_q___s_e_n_d(), _m_q___s_e_t_a_t_t_r(), _m_q___u_n_l_i_n_k(), _m_s_g_c_t_l(), _m_s_g_g_e_t(), _m_s_g_r_c_v(),
       _s_i_g_a_c_t_i_o_n()

       The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1-2017, _S_e_c_t_i_o_n _3_._2_2_6, _M_e_s_s_a_g_e
       _Q_u_e_u_e, <<ssyyss__mmssgg..hh>>

CCOOPPYYRRIIGGHHTT
       Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
       from IEEE Std 1003.1-2017, Standard for Information Technology --
       Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
       Specifications Issue 7, 2018 Edition, Copyright (C) 2018 by the
       Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
       Group.  In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
       original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
       Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard can
       be obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .

       Any typographical or formatting errors that appear in this page are
       most likely to have been introduced during the conversion of the source
       files to man page format. To report such errors, see
       https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .



IEEE/The Open Group                  2017                            MSGSND(3)
